Gary purchased a large beverage, but drank only $\frac{m}{n}$ of this beverage, where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. If Gary had purchased only half as much and drunk twice as much, he would have wasted only $\frac{2}{9}$ as much beverage. Find $m + n.$
On square $ABCD,$ point $E$ lies on side $\overline{AD}$ and point $F$ lies on side $\overline{BC},$ so that $BE = EF = FD = 30.$ Find the area of square $ABCD.$
The degree measures of the angles of a convex $18$-sided polygon form an increasing arithmetic sequence with integer values. Find the degree measure of the smallest angle.
In triangle $ABC,$ $AB = \frac{20}{11} AC.$ The angle bisector of angle $A$ intersects $\overline{BC}$ at point $D,$ and point $M$ is the midpoint of $\overline{AD}.$ Let $P$ be the point of intersection of $\overline{AC}$ and line $BM.$ The ratio of $CP$ to $PA$ can be expressed in the form $\frac{m}{n},$ where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $m + n.$
The sum of the first $2011$ terms of a geometric series is $200.$ The sum of the first $4022$ terms of the same series is $380.$ Find the sum of the first $6033$ terms of the series.
Define an ordered quadruple of integers $(a, b, c, d)$ to be *interesting* if $1 \le a \lt b \lt c \lt d \le 10$ and $a + d \gt b + c.$ How many interesting ordered quadruples are there?
Ed has five identical green marbles, and a large supply of identical red marbles. He arranges the green marbles and some of the red ones in a row and finds that the number of marbles whose right hand neighbor is the same color as themselves equals the number of marbles whose right hand neighbor is the other color. An example of such an arrangement is GGRRRGGRG. Let $m$ be the maximum number of red marbles for which such an arrangement is possible, and let $N$ be the number of ways in which Ed can arrange the $m + 5$ marbles to satisfy the requirement. Find the remainder when $N$ is divided by $1000.$
Let $z_1,$ $z_2,$ $z_3,$ $\ldots,$ $z_{12}$ be the $12$ zeroes of the polynomial $z^{12} - 2^{36}.$ For each $j,$ let $w_j$ be one of $z_j$ or $\mathrm{i}z_j.$ Then the maximum possible value of the real part of $\sum_{j=1}^{12} w_j$ can be written as $m + \sqrt{n},$ where $m$ and $n$ are positive integers. Find $m + n.$
Let $x_1,$ $x_2,$ $\ldots,$ $x_6$ be nonnegative real numbers such that $x_1 + x_2 + x_3 + x_4 + x_5 + x_6 =$ $1,$ and $x_1x_3x_5 + x_2x_4x_6 \ge \frac{1}{540}.$ Let $p$ and $q$ be positive relatively prime integers such that $\frac{p}{q}$ is the maximum possible value of $$
\begin{aligned} &x_1x_2x_3 + x_2x_3x_4 \\ &\quad {}+ x_3x_4x_5 + x_4x_5x_6 \\ &\quad {}+ x_5x_6x_1 + x_6x_1x_2. \end{aligned}
$$ Find $p + q.$
A circle with center $O$ has radius $25.$ Chord $\overline{AB}$ of length $30$ and chord $\overline{CD}$ of length $14$ intersect at point $P.$ The distance between the midpoints of the two chords is $12.$ The quantity $OP^2$ can be represented as $\frac{m}{n},$ where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find the remainder when $m + n$ is divided by $1000.$
Let $M_n$ be the $n \times n$ matrix with entries as follows: for $1 \le i \le n,$ $m_{i,i} = 10;$ for $1 \le i \le n - 1,$ $m_{i+1,i} = m_{i,i+1} = 3;$ all other entries in $M_n$ are zero. Let $D_n$ be the determinant of matrix $M_n.$ Then $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{8D_n + 1}$ can be represented as $\frac{p}{q},$ where $p$ and $q$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $p + q.$
Note: The determinant of the $1 \times 1$ matrix $[a]$ is $a,$ and the determinant of the $2 \times 2$ matrix $\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix}$ is $ad - bc;$ for $n \ge 2,$ the determinant of an $n \times n$ matrix with first row or first column $a_1$ $a_2$ $a_3$ $\ldots$ $a_n$ is equal to $a_1C_1 - a_2C_2$ $+ a_3C_3 - \cdots$ $+ (-1)^{n+1}a_nC_n,$ where $C_i$ is the determinant of the $(n - 1) \times (n - 1)$ matrix formed by eliminating the row and column containing $a_i.$
Nine delegates, three each from three different countries, randomly select chairs at a round table that seats nine people. Let the probability that each delegate sits next to at least one delegate from another country be $\frac{m}{n},$ where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $m + n.$
Point $P$ lies on the diagonal $AC$ of square $ABCD$ with $AP \gt CP.$ Let $O_1$ and $O_2$ be the circumcenters of triangles $ABP$ and $CDP,$ respectively. Given that $AB = 12$ and $\angle O_1PO_2 = 120^\circ,$ then $AP = \sqrt{a} + \sqrt{b},$ where $a$ and $b$ are positive integers. Find $a + b.$
There are $N$ permutations $(a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_{30})$ of $1,$ $2,$ $\ldots,$ $30$ such that for $m \in \{2, 3, 5\},$ $m$ divides $a_{n+m} - a_n$ for all integers $n$ with $1 \le n \lt n + m \le 30.$ Find the remainder when $N$ is divided by $1000.$
Let $P(x) = x^2 - 3x - 9.$ A real number $x$ is chosen at random from the interval $5 \le x \le 15.$ The probability that $\left\lfloor \sqrt{P(x)} \right\rfloor = \sqrt{P(\lfloor x \rfloor)}$ is equal to $\frac{\sqrt{a} + \sqrt{b} + \sqrt{c} - d}{e},$ where $a,$ $b,$ $c,$ $d,$ and $e$ are positive integers. Find $a + b + c + d + e.$