Question bank APMO 2007

Let $S$ be a set of 9 distinct integers all of whose prime factors are at most 3. Prove that $S$ contains 3 distinct integers such that their product is a perfect cube.

Let $ABC$ be an acute angled triangle with $\angle BAC=60^\circ$ and $AB\gt AC$. Let $I$ be the incentre and $H$ the orthocentre. Prove that
$$2\angle AHI=3\angle ABC.$$

Consider $n$ disks $C_1,C_2,\ldots,C_n$ in a plane such that for each $1\le i\lt n$, the centre of $C_i$ is on the circumference of $C_{i+1}$, and the centre of $C_n$ is on the circumference of $C_1$. Define the score to be the number of pairs $(i,j)$ for which $C_i$ properly contains $C_j$. Determine the maximum possible score.

Let $x,y,z$ be positive real numbers such that $\sqrt x+\sqrt y+\sqrt z=1$. Prove that
$$\frac{x^2+yz}{\sqrt{2x^2(y+z)}}+\frac{y^2+zx}{\sqrt{2y^2(z+x)}}+\frac{z^2+xy}{\sqrt{2z^2(x+y)}}\ge1.$$

A regular $(5\times5)$-array of lights is defective, so that toggling the switch for one light causes each adjacent light in the same row and in the same column as well as the light itself to change state, from on to off, or from off to on. Initially all lights are off. After a certain number of toggles, exactly one light is on. Find all possible positions of this light.