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Australian Intermediate Mathematics Olympiad 2015

Question 1

A number written in base $a$ is $123_a$. The same number written in base $b$ is $146_b$. What is the minimum value of $a+b$?

Numerical answer only; a non-negative integer less than 1000.

Question 2

A circle is inscribed in a hexagon $ABCDEF$ so that each side of the hexagon is tangent to the circle. Find the perimeter of the hexagon if $AB=6$, $CD=7$, and $EF=8$.

Numerical answer only; a non-negative integer less than 1000.

Question 3

A selection of 3 whatsits, 7 doovers and 1 thingy cost a total of \$329. A selection of 4 whatsits, 10 doovers and 1 thingy cost a total of \$441. What is the total cost, in dollars, of 1 whatsit, 1 doover and 1 thingy?

Numerical answer only; a non-negative integer less than 1000.

Question 4

A fraction, expressed in its lowest terms $\frac ab$, can also be written in the form $\frac2n+\frac1{n^2}$, where $n$ is a positive integer. If $a+b=1024$, what is the value of $a$?

Numerical answer only; a non-negative integer less than 1000.

Question 5

Determine the smallest positive integer $y$ for which there is a positive integer $x$ satisfying the equation $2^{13}+2^{10}+2^x=y^2$.

Numerical answer only; a non-negative integer less than 1000.

Question 6

The large circle has radius $30/\sqrt\pi$. Two circles with diameter $30/\sqrt\pi$ lie inside the large circle. Two more circles lie inside the large circle so that the five circles touch each other as shown. Find the shaded area.



Question illustration



Numerical answer only; a non-negative integer less than 1000.

Question 7

Consider a shortest path along the edges of a $7\times7$ square grid from its bottom-left vertex to its top-right vertex. How many such paths have no edge above the grid diagonal that joins these vertices?

Numerical answer only; a non-negative integer less than 1000.

Question 8

Determine the number of non-negative integers $x$ that satisfy the equation $\left\lfloor\frac{x}{44}\right\rfloor=\left\lfloor\frac{x}{45}\right\rfloor$. (Note: if $r$ is any real number, then $\lfloor r\rfloor$ denotes the largest integer less than or equal to $r$.)

Numerical answer only; a non-negative integer less than 1000.

Question 9

A sequence is formed by the following rules: $s_1=a$, $s_2=b$ and $s_{n+2}=s_{n+1}+(-1)^ns_n$ for all $n\ge1$. If $a=3$ and $b$ is an integer less than $1000$, what is the largest value of $b$ for which $2015$ is a member of the sequence? Justify your answer.

Written reasoning is required. The reference answer is not an automatic assessment of a student proof.

Question 10

$X$ is a point inside an equilateral triangle $ABC$. $Y$ is the foot of the perpendicular from $X$ to $AC$, $Z$ is the foot of the perpendicular from $X$ to $AB$, and $W$ is the foot of the perpendicular from $X$ to $BC$.
The ratio of the distances of $X$ from the three sides of the triangle is $1:2:4$ as shown in the diagram.


Question illustration


If the area of $AZXY$ is $13\text{ cm}^2$, find the area of $ABC$. Justify your answer. [5 marks]
Investigation (source; 2 bonus marks): If $XY:XZ:XW=a:b:c$, find the ratio of the areas of $AZXY$ and $ABC$.

Written reasoning is required. The reference answer is not an automatic assessment of a student proof.