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MathNet 2011 Question 99

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2011

Question 99

A polynomial $P(x)$ is called nice if $P(0) = 1$ and the nonzero coefficients of $P(x)$ alternate between $1$ and $-1$ when written in order. Suppose $P(x)$ is nice, and let $m$ and $n$ be two relatively prime positive integers. Show that
$$
Q(x) = P(x^n) \cdot \frac{(x^{mn} - 1)(x - 1)}{(x^m - 1)(x^n - 1)}
$$
is nice as well.