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MathNet 2015-part-07 — 185 problems (EN–VI) Question 38

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2015-part-07 — 185 problems (EN–VI)

Question 38

Starting with the number $0$, Casey performs an infinite sequence of moves as follows: he chooses a number from $\{1, 2\}$ at random (each with probability $\frac{1}{2}$) and adds it to the current number. Let $p_{m}$ be the probability that Casey ever reaches the number $m$. Find $p_{20} - p_{15}$.