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MathNet 2015-part-04 — 191 problems (EN–VI) Question 92

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2015-part-04 — 191 problems (EN–VI)

Question 92

Let $k$ be a positive integer congruent to $1$ modulo $4$ which is not a perfect square, and let $a = (1 + \sqrt{k})/2$. Show that
$$
\{\lfloor a^2 n \rfloor - \lfloor a \lfloor an \rfloor \rfloor : n = 1, 2, 3, \dots\} = \{1, \dots, \lfloor a \rfloor\}.
$$