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MathNet 2016-part-02 — 184 problems (EN–VI) Question 60

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2016-part-02 — 184 problems (EN–VI)

Question 60

Find all polynomials $P(x)$ of odd degree $d$ and with integer coefficients satisfying the following property: for each positive integer $n$, there exist $n$ positive integers $x_{1}, x_{2}, \ldots, x_{n}$ such that $\frac{1}{2} \lt \frac{P\left(x_{i}\right)}{P\left(x_{j}\right)} \lt 2$ and $\frac{P\left(x_{i}\right)}{P\left(x_{j}\right)}$ is the $d$-th power of a rational number for every pair of indices $i$ and $j$ with $1 \leqslant i, j \leqslant n$.