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MathNet 2018-part-06 — 181 problems (EN–VI) Question 110

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2018-part-06 — 181 problems (EN–VI)

Question 110

A sequence $(x_n)$ satisfies the following conditions: $x_1 = a$, $x_{n+1} = \frac{1}{2}\left(x_n - \frac{1}{x_n}\right)$, $n \in \mathbb{N}$. Prove that there exists a number $a$ such that the sequence $(x_n)$ has exactly 2018 pairwise distinct elements.
(If one of the elements of the sequence equals 0, then the sequence stops on that element.)