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MathNet 2019-part-07 — 184 problems (EN–VI) Question 50

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2019-part-07 — 184 problems (EN–VI)

Question 50

Let $(a_n)_{n=1}^\infty$ be a sequence of integers with $a_1 = 1$, $a_2 = 2$ and
$$
a_{n+2} = a_{n+1}^2 + (n+2)a_{n+1} - a_n^2 - n a_n
$$
for all $n \ge 1$.

a) Show that there exist infinitely many prime numbers dividing at least one term of this sequence.

b) Find three different prime numbers not dividing any term of this sequence.