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USAMO 2024 — Days 1 and 2 Question 3

USAMO · USAMO 2024 — Days 1 and 2

Question 3

Let $(m,n)$ be positive integers with $n \ge 3$ and draw a regular $n$-gon.
We wish to triangulate this $n$-gon into $n-2$ triangles,
each colored one of $m$ colors, so that each color has an equal sum of areas.
For which $(m,n)$ is such a triangulation and coloring possible?

Proposed by Krit Boonsiriseth. One nonofficial editorial point; manual essay grading.