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USAMO 2001 — Days 1 and 2 Question 5

USAMO · USAMO 2001 — Days 1 and 2

Question 5

Let $S\subseteq\mathbb Z$ satisfy:

(a) There exist $a,b\in S$ with $\gcd(a,b)=\gcd(a-2,b-2)=1$.

(b) If $x,y\in S$ (possibly equal), then $x^2-y\in S$.

Prove that $S=\mathbb Z$.