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APMO 2021 - Asian Pacific Mathematics Olympiad Question 2

APMO · APMO 2021 - Asian Pacific Mathematics Olympiad

Question 2

For a polynomial $P$ and a positive integer $n$, let $P_n$ be the number of positive integer pairs $(a,b)$ with $a\lt b\le n$ for which $|P(a)|-|P(b)|$ is divisible by $n$. Determine all polynomials $P$ with integer coefficients satisfying $P_n\le2021$ for every positive integer $n$.