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MathNet 2022-part-01 — 197 problems (EN–VI) Question 137

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2022-part-01 — 197 problems (EN–VI)

Question 137

An equilateral triangle of area $n^2$ is partitioned into $n^2$ small triangles of unit area by lines parallel to its sides. The vertices of all small triangles are called *knots*. Find the sum of the areas of all equilateral triangles with vertices at knots as a polynomial in $n$, and write this polynomial as a product of irreducible polynomials.