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IMO 2016 — Complete Shortlist Question 4

IMO Shortlist · IMO 2016 — Complete Shortlist

Question 4

Denote by $\mathbb{R}^{+}$the set of all positive real numbers. Find all functions $f: \mathbb{R}^{+} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{+}$such that

$$
x f\left(x^{2}\right) f(f(y))+f(y f(x))=f(x y)\left(f\left(f\left(x^{2}\right)\right)+f\left(f\left(y^{2}\right)\right)\right)
$$

for all positive real numbers $x$ and $y$.