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MathNet 2024-part-05 — 168 problems (EN–VI) Question 28

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2024-part-05 — 168 problems (EN–VI)

Question 28

Alice and Bob play a game. Bob starts by picking a set $S$ consisting of $M$ vectors of length $n$ with entries either $0$ or $1$. Alice picks a sequence of numbers $y_1 \le y_2 \le \cdots \le y_n$ from the interval $[0, 1]$, and a choice of real numbers $x_1, \dots, x_n \in \mathbb{R}$. Bob wins if he can pick a vector $(z_1, z_2, \dots, z_n) \in S$ such that
$$
\sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i y_i \le \sum_{i=1}^{n} x_i z_i,
$$
otherwise Alice wins. Determine the minimum value of $M$ so that Bob can guarantee a win?