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MathNet 2025-part-01 — 187 problems (EN–VI) Question 24

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2025-part-01 — 187 problems (EN–VI)

Question 24

Find the smallest real number $M$ such that there exist complex numbers $a, b, c, d$ with $|a| = |b| = |c| = |d| = 1$ satisfying: for any complex number $z$ with $|z| = 1$,
$$
|az^3 + bz^2 + cz + d| \le M.
$$