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MathNet 2025-part-02 — 186 problems (EN–VI) Question 142

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2025-part-02 — 186 problems (EN–VI)

Question 142

Albert writes 2025 numbers $a_{1}$, ..., $a_{2025}$ in a circle on a blackboard. Initially, each of the numbers is uniformly and independently sampled at random from the interval $[0,1]$. Then, each second, he simultaneously replaces $a_{i}$ with $\max (a_{i - 1}, a_{i}, a_{i + 1})$ for all $i = 1, 2, \ldots, 2025$ (where $a_{0} = a_{2025}$ and $a_{2026} = a_{1}$). Compute the expected value of the number of distinct values remaining after 100 seconds.