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MathNet 2025 — Part 02 (100 complete bilingual questions) Question 77

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2025 — Part 02 (100 complete bilingual questions)

Question 77

Consider the sequence $y_0, y_1, \dots$ such that $y_0 = -\frac{1}{4}$ and $y_1 = 0$, and furthermore
$$
y_{n+1} + y_{n-1} = 4y_n + 1
$$
for all $n \ge 1$. Prove that for all $n \ge 0$ the expression $2y_{2n} + \frac{3}{2}$ is
a) a positive integer, and
b) the square of an integer.