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MathNet 2025 — Part 02 (100 complete bilingual questions) Question 24

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2025 — Part 02 (100 complete bilingual questions)

Question 24

Let $P(x)$ be a polynomial with non-negative integer coefficients. A sequence of positive integers $(x_n)_{n=1}^{\infty}$ is given such that $x_1 = 1$, and for every natural number $n$, the following equality holds
$$
x_{n+1}^2 + P(n) = x_n x_{n+2}
$$
Prove that $P(x)$ would be a constant polynomial.