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MathNet 2026 — Part 09 Question 35

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2026 — Part 09

Question 35

For $x$ a positive real number with finitely many decimal places, denote by $r(x)$ the number formed by reversing the digits and decimal point of $x$. For instance, $r(98.6)=6.89$ and $r(740)=0.047$.


a. Prove that for all positive real numbers $x$ and $y$ with finitely many decimal places,
$$
r(x y) \leq 10 r(x) r(y) .
$$


b. Determine whether there exist values of $x$ and $y$, each having at least 2015 nonzero digits, such that equality holds.