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MathNet 2026 — Part 04 Question 119

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2026 — Part 04

Question 119

Find all integers $n \geqslant 1$ for which the function: $$
x \longmapsto x^{x}
$$ takes all possible values Modulo $n$ when $x$ travels $\llbracket 0, n-1 \rrbracket$. It is said to be an overjection in $\mathbb{Z} / n \mathbb{Z}$.