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MathNet 2017-part-01 — 176 problems (EN–VI) Question 28

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2017-part-01 — 176 problems (EN–VI)

Question 28

Determine all natural numbers $n \ge 2$ for which
$$
n = a^2 + b^2
$$
holds, where $a$ is the smallest divisor of $n$ different from 1 and $b$ is an arbitrary divisor of $n$.