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APMO 2025 - Asian Pacific Mathematics Olympiad Question 5

APMO · APMO 2025 - Asian Pacific Mathematics Olympiad

Question 5

Consider an infinite sequence $a_1,a_2,\ldots$ of positive integers such that
$$100!\,(a_m+a_{m+1}+\cdots+a_n)$$
is a multiple of $a_{n-m+1}a_{n+m}$ for all positive integers $m\le n$. Prove that the sequence is either bounded or linear.

A sequence is bounded if there is a constant $N$ with $a_n\lt N$ for every positive integer $n$. It is linear if $a_n=n\,a_1$ for every positive integer $n$.