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IMO 2024 — Complete Shortlist Question 7

IMO Shortlist · IMO 2024 — Complete Shortlist

Question 7

Let Q be the set of rational numbers. Let $f: \mathbb{Q} \to \mathbb{Q}$ be a function such that the following property holds: for all $x, y \in \mathbb{Q}$,

$$ f(x+f(y))=f(x)+y\qquad \text{or}\qquad f(f(x)+y)=x+f(y). $$

Determine the maximum possible number of elements of $ \{f(x) + f(-x) \mid x \in \mathbb{Q}\} $.