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IMO 2023 — Complete Shortlist Question 8

IMO Shortlist · IMO 2023 — Complete Shortlist

Question 8

Let $m$ and $n$ be positive integers greater than 1 . In each unit square of an $m \times n$ grid lies a coin with its tail-side up. A move consists of the following steps:

1. select a $2 \times 2$ square in the grid;
2. flip the coins in the top-left and bottom-right unit squares;
3. flip the coin in either the top-right or bottom-left unit square.

Determine all pairs $(m, n)$ for which it is possible that every coin shows head-side up after a finite number of moves.