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International Mathematical Olympiad 2026 — Official contest Question 6

IMO · International Mathematical Olympiad 2026 — Official contest

Question 6

Let $a_1,a_2,a_3,\ldots$ be an infinite sequence of positive integers greater than 1. Suppose that for all positive integers $n$, the number $a_{n+1}$ is the smallest positive integer greater than $a_n$ such that $\gcd(a_{n+1},a_i)\gt 1$ for every $i=1,2,\ldots,n$. Prove that there exist positive integers $T$ and $L$ such that

$$a_{n+T}=a_n+L$$

for every positive integer $n$. Here $\gcd(x,y)$ denotes the greatest common divisor of positive integers $x,y$.