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MathNet 2023-part-04 — 191 problems (EN–VI) Question 91

Math Olympiad Vault · MathNet 2023-part-04 — 191 problems (EN–VI)

Question 91

Let $n$ be a positive integer. Prove that the numbers
$$
1^1, 3^3, 5^5, \dots, (2^n - 1)^{2^n - 1}
$$
are in different residue classes modulo $2^n$.