2015 AMC 12B

What is the value of $2 - (-2)^{-2}?$

Marie does three equally time-consuming tasks in a row without taking breaks. She begins the first task at $1{:}00$ PM and finishes the second task at $2{:}40$ PM. When does she finish the third task?

Isaac has written down one integer two times and another integer three times. The sum of the five numbers is $100,$ and one of the numbers is $28.$ What is the other number?

David, Hikmet, Jack, Marta, Rand, and Todd were in a $12$-person race with $6$ other people. Rand finished $6$ places ahead of Hikmet. Marta finished $1$ place behind Jack. David finished $2$ places behind Hikmet. Jack finished $2$ places behind Todd. Todd finished $1$ place behind Rand. Marta finished in $6$th place. Who finished in $8$th place?

The Tigers beat the Sharks $2$ out of the first $3$ times they played. They then played $N$ more times, and the Sharks ended up winning at least $95\%$ of all the games played. What is the minimum possible value for $N?$

Back in $1930,$ Tillie had to memorize her multiplication facts from $0 \times 0$ through $12 \times 12.$ The multiplication table she was given had rows and columns labeled with the factors, and the products formed the body of the table. To the nearest hundredth, what fraction of the numbers in the body of the table are odd?

A regular $15$-gon has $L$ lines of symmetry, and the smallest positive angle for which it has rotational symmetry is $R$ degrees. What is $L + R?$

What is the value of $\left(625^{\log_5 2015}\right)^{\frac14}?$

Larry and Julius are playing a game, taking turns throwing a ball at a bottle sitting on a ledge. Larry throws first. The winner is the first person to knock the bottle off the ledge. At each turn the probability that a player knocks the bottle off the ledge is $\dfrac12,$ independently of what has happened before. What is the probability that Larry wins the game?

How many noncongruent integer-sided triangles with positive area and perimeter less than $15$ are neither equilateral, isosceles, nor right triangles?

The line $12x + 5y = 60$ forms a triangle with the coordinate axes. What is the sum of the lengths of the altitudes of this triangle?

Let $a,$ $b,$ and $c$ be three distinct one-digit numbers. What is the maximum value of the sum of the roots of the equation $(x - a)(x - b)$ $+ (x - b)(x - c) = 0?$

Quadrilateral $ABCD$ is inscribed in a circle with $\angle BAC = 70^\circ,$ $\angle ADB = 40^\circ,$ $AD = 4,$ and $BC = 6.$ What is $AC?$

A circle of radius $2$ is centered at $A.$ An equilateral triangle with side $4$ has a vertex at $A.$ What is the difference between the area of the region that lies inside the circle but outside the triangle and the area of the region that lies inside the triangle but outside the circle?

At Rachelle’s school an A counts $4$ points, a B $3$ points, a C $2$ points, and a D $1$ point. Her GPA on the four classes she is taking is computed as the total sum of points divided by $4.$ She is certain that she will get As in both Mathematics and Science, and at least a C in each of English and History. She thinks she has a $\dfrac16$ chance of getting an A in English, and a $\dfrac14$ chance of getting a B. In History, she has a $\dfrac14$ chance of getting an A, and a $\dfrac13$ chance of getting a B, independently of what she gets in English. What is the probability that Rachelle will get a GPA of at least $3.5?$

A regular hexagon with sides of length $6$ has an isosceles triangle attached to each side. Each of these triangles has two sides of length $8.$ The isosceles triangles are folded to make a pyramid with the hexagon as the base of the pyramid. What is the volume of the pyramid?

An unfair coin lands on heads with a probability of $\dfrac14.$ When tossed $n$ times, the probability of exactly two heads is the same as the probability of exactly three heads. What is the value of $n?$

For every composite positive integer $n,$ define $r(n)$ to be the sum of the factors in the prime factorization of $n.$ For example, $r(50) = 12$ because the prime factorization of $50$ is $2 \cdot 5^2,$ and $2 + 5 + 5 = 12.$ What is the range of the function $r,$ $\{r(n) : n \text{ is a composite positive integer}\}?$

In $\triangle ABC,$ $\angle C = 90^\circ$ and $AB = 12.$ Squares $ABXY$ and $ACWZ$ are constructed outside of the triangle. The points $X,$ $Y,$ $Z,$ and $W$ lie on a circle. What is the perimeter of the triangle?

For every positive integer $n,$ let $\operatorname{mod}_5(n)$ be the remainder obtained when $n$ is divided by $5.$ Define a function $f : \{0, 1, 2, 3, \ldots\}$ $\times \{0, 1, 2, 3, 4\}$ $\to \{0, 1, 2, 3, 4\}$ recursively as follows:

$$
\tiny f(i, j) = \begin{cases} \operatorname{mod}_5(j + 1) & \text{if } i = 0 \text{ and } 0 \le j \le 4, \\ f(i - 1, 1) & \text{if } i \ge 1 \text{ and } j = 0, \text{ and} \\ f(i - 1, f(i, j - 1)) & \text{if } i \ge 1 \text{ and } 1 \le j \le 4. \end{cases}
$$

What is $f(2015, 2)?$