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IMSO 2007 Taiwan Selection — Science First Round

Question 1

Source instructions (1–30): Each question has four choices. Select the best answer and write its letter on the separate answer sheet. Each correct answer is worth 4 points. Time limit: 60 minutes.

Which substance provides humans with their main source of energy?
  1. food
  2. carbon dioxide
  3. water
  4. chlorophyll

Question 2

The wheels and gears of a machine are greased in order to decrease
  1. potential energy
  2. efficiency
  3. output
  4. friction

Question 3

Weather forecasts are more accurate today than in the past due to
  1. global warming
  2. air-quality control
  3. plate tectonics
  4. use of images from space

Question 4

The endocrine system produces chemicals that affect organ functions. These chemicals are called
  1. nutrients
  2. hormones
  3. microbes
  4. wastes

Question 5

The diagram below shows the frequency and wavelength of various types of electromagnetic energy. Which type of electromagnetic wave has a wavelength of approximately $10^{-10}$ meter and a frequency of $10^{18}$ hertz?

Question illustration
  1. infrared
  2. radio
  3. X ray
  4. radar

Question 6

The presence of some similar structures in all vertebrates suggests that these vertebrates
  1. all develop at the same rate
  2. evolved from different animals that appeared on Earth at the same time
  3. all develop internally and rely on nutrients supplied by the mother
  4. may have an evolutionary relationship

Question 7

Which part of a cell allows nutrients and other materials to enter or leave the cell?
  1. cytoplasm
  2. nucleus
  3. chloroplast
  4. cell membrane

Question 8

Base your answer on the supplied table comparing human population and atmospheric sulfur dioxide (SO₂) over time.

| Year | Human population (billions) | Atmospheric SO₂ level (unit not supplied) |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 2.50 | 510 |
| 1970 | 2.75 | 525 |
| 1980 | 3.00 | 613 |
| 1990 | 5.00 | 642 |

How have the size of the human population and the amount of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) in the atmosphere changed from 1960 to 1990?
  1. The human population has increased while the amount of SO₂ has decreased.
  2. The human population has decreased while the amount of SO₂ has increased.
  3. Both the human population and the amount of SO₂ have increased.
  4. Both the human population and the amount of SO₂ have decreased.

Question 9

Base your answer on the supplied table comparing human population and atmospheric sulfur dioxide (SO₂) over time.

| Year | Human population (billions) | Atmospheric SO₂ level (unit not supplied) |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 2.50 | 510 |
| 1970 | 2.75 | 525 |
| 1980 | 3.00 | 613 |
| 1990 | 5.00 | 642 |

Which human activity might explain the change in sulfur dioxide levels shown in the graph?
  1. storing nuclear waste
  2. collecting solar energy
  3. using wind energy
  4. burning fossil fuels

Question 10

The diagram below shows a cell. This cell would be found in which type of organism?

Question illustration
  1. animals
  2. fungi
  3. viruses
  4. plants

Question 11

Rocks are classified as igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary according to
  1. their color
  2. their shape
  3. how they formed
  4. the minerals they contain

Question 12

Sand and iron particles that are similar in size and color are mixed together in a beaker. What would be the best method of separating the particles?
  1. Use tweezers to separate them.
  2. Use a magnet to separate them.
  3. Add water to the mixture.
  4. Pour the mixture into a filter.

Question 13

Nutrients, water and carbon dioxide are returned to the environment when
  1. plants make food during photosynthesis.
  2. decomposers break down dead matter.
  3. organisms reproduce.
  4. living things respire.

Question 14

A plant cell and an animal cell are shown below. Which conclusion can be made from these diagrams?

Question illustration
  1. Plant and animal cells interact to make new organisms.
  2. Plant and animal cells are similar in the way they grow and divide.
  3. Animal cells require oxygen to release the energy stored in food while plant cells do not.
  4. Nerve cells are present in plant and animal cells.

Question 15

In one variety of corn, the kernels turn red when exposed to sunlight. In the absence of sunlight, the kernels remain yellow. Based on this information, it can be concluded that the color of these corn kernels is due to the
  1. process of selective breeding
  2. rate of photosynthesis
  3. effect of environment on gene expression
  4. composition of the soil

Question 16

Toxins can harm a developing fetus. They usually enter the fetus by the process of
  1. blood flow from the mother to the fetus
  2. active transport from the ovary
  3. diffusion across placental membranes
  4. recombination of genes from the fetus and mother

Question 17

When you are exercising, your body gets warmer because…
  1. Much of sweat is produced, it may cause you are feeling hot
  2. You are thirsty and need a lot of fresh water to drink
  3. Active respiration, which may cause amount of energy is discharged
  4. Your body makes an adaptation by improving the temperature

Question 18

Plants are genetically modified to become resistant to unfavorable conditions. Which of the following can be examples of genetically modified plants?

I: Plants yield more food. II: Plants grow faster. III: Plants are resistant to drought. IV: Plants are resistant to pests.
  1. III and IV only
  2. I, III and IV only
  3. I, II and IV only
  4. I, II, III and IV

Question 19

Which of the following can be X?

Question illustration

Materials branch into: left Plastics, Marble, Ceramics, X; right Cotton, Silk, Sand. No branch category labels are printed.

A. Alloys

B. Rocks

C. Wood

D. Lodestones

Question 20

The above Venn diagram shows the materials that are mixed to form alloys. What can Y represent?

Question illustration
  1. Steel
  2. Titanium
  3. Bronze
  4. Aluminum