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2014 KIMC keystage3-IWYMIC team

Question 1

Let $S_1-S_2+S_3-S_4+S_5=\frac{m}{n}$ where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers and

$$\begin{aligned}S_1&=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}.\end{aligned}$$

$$\begin{aligned}S_2&=\frac{1}{2\times3}+\frac{1}{2\times4}+\frac{1}{2\times5}+\frac{1}{2\times6}+\frac{1}{3\times4}\\ &\quad+\frac{1}{3\times5}+\frac{1}{3\times6}+\frac{1}{4\times5}+\frac{1}{4\times6}+\frac{1}{5\times6}.\end{aligned}$$

$$\begin{aligned}S_3&=\frac{1}{2\times3\times4}+\frac{1}{2\times3\times5}+\frac{1}{2\times3\times6}+\frac{1}{2\times4\times5}+\frac{1}{2\times4\times6}\\ &\quad+\frac{1}{2\times5\times6}+\frac{1}{3\times4\times5}+\frac{1}{3\times4\times6}+\frac{1}{3\times5\times6}+\frac{1}{4\times5\times6}.\end{aligned}$$

$$\begin{aligned}S_4&=\frac{1}{2\times3\times4\times5}+\frac{1}{2\times3\times4\times6}+\frac{1}{2\times3\times5\times6}+\frac{1}{2\times4\times5\times6}+\frac{1}{3\times4\times5\times6}.\end{aligned}$$

$$\begin{aligned}S_5&=\frac{1}{2\times3\times4\times5\times6}.\end{aligned}$$

Determine the value of $m+n$.

Question 2

The distinct prime numbers $p,q,r$ and $s$ are such that $p+q+r+s$ is also a prime number, and both $p^2+qr$ and $p^2+qs$ are squares of integers. Determine $p+q+r+s$.

Question 3

Determine the sum of all integers $n$ for which $9n^2+23n-2$ is the product of two positive even integers differing by $2$.

Question 4

Cut a right isosceles triangle into the minimum number of pieces which may be assembled to form, without gaps or overlaps, two right isosceles triangles of different sizes.

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Question 5

Determine the maximum value of $a+b+c$ where $a,b$ and $c$ are positive integers such that $2b+1$ is divisible by $a$, $2c+1$ is divisible by $b$ and $2a+1$ is divisible by $c$.

Question 6

Determine all positive integers under $100$ with exactly four positive divisors such that the difference between the sum of two of them and the sum of the other two is the square of an integer.

Question 7

A Korean restaurant offers one kind of soup each day. It is one of fish soup, beef soup or ginseng chicken soup, but it will not offer ginseng chicken soup three days in a row. Determine the number of different seven-day menus.

Question 8

Two circles, with centres $O$ and $P$ respectively, intersect at $A$ and $B$. The extension of $OB$ intersects the second circle at $C$ and the extension of $PB$ intersects the first circle at $D$. A line through $B$ parallel to $CD$ intersects the first circle at $Q\ne B$. Prove that $AD=BQ$.

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Question 9

In the quadrilateral $ABCD$, $\angle BDA=10^\circ$, $\angle ABD=\angle DBC=20^\circ$ and $\angle BCA=40^\circ$. Determine the measure, in degrees, of $\angle BDC$.

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Question 10

The diagram below shows a $6\times6$ box. Balls A to L enter along columns and exit along rows. The point of entry and the point of exit of each ball are marked by its own letter. Reflectors may be placed along either diagonal of any square in the box, four of which are shown as an illustration. When a ball hits a reflector, it bounces off in a perpendicular direction. You must make every ball go to the right place, as illustrated by the balls B and K. You must remove the four reflectors used in the illustration, and then place ten reflectors in other squares. You may not put any reflector in the same position as in the illustration.

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