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AMO · 2027 · Grades 8-9 · Self-study SET 20 Question 2

AMO

Question 2

Given $x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1=0$, find $x^{2021}-x$.

**Domain convention:** Treat $x$ as an algebraic root, allowing complex numbers. The equation has no real root. You do not need to find the roots or perform calculations with complex numbers; use a polynomial identity. Enter the resulting number only.