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IMO 2009 — Complete Shortlist Question 27

IMO Shortlist · IMO 2009 — Complete Shortlist

Question 27

Find all positive integers $n$ such that there exists a sequence of positive integers $a_{1}, a_{2}, \ldots, a_{n}$ satisfying

$$
a_{k+1}=\frac{a_{k}^{2}+1}{a_{k-1}+1}-1
$$

for every $k$ with $2 \leq k \leq n-1$.