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PIMSO 2025 - Science - Secondary 3 - National Round Question 9

PIMSO Science · PIMSO 2025 - Science - Secondary 3 - National Round

Question 9

Intense attention on research on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are being carried out in the past couple of decades due to their promise for applications in catalysis, energy, and medicine. These small particles of metallic gold have a size < 100 nm and are usually in a colloidal suspension. The small particles must be stabilized by emulsifiers that can cover their charged surface and keep them suspended in a non- polar solvent, for example. Which of the following can be used to stabilize these particles in hexane?

Question illustration

Editorial convention: compare the structures as potential amphiphilic stabilizers in a simplified model.
  1. i only
  2. ii only
  3. iii only
  4. ii and iii